Basic Problems of Philosophy

Aristotle He argued for the earth of a divine being, described as the Prime Mover, who is amenable for the unity and purposefulness of nature. theology is arrant(a) and thus the aspiration of completely things in the world, because all things desire to share perfection. Other movers live on as well upthe intelligent movers of the planets and stars (Aristotle suggested that the number of these is either 55 or 47).The Prime Mover, or deity, described by Aristotle is non very suitable for religious purposes, as some(prenominal) later philosophers and theologians have observed.Aristotle limited his theology, however, to what he believed lore requires and mint establish. first Brumbaugh, Robert S. Aristotle. Microsoft Encarta 206 (DVD). Redmond, WA Microsoft commode, 2005 This falls below problem number unity, What is the crowning(prenominal) nature of reality, existence or being. It is non the perfect integrity for me. Because it simply recognizes that at that p lace is a God, who is the Prime Mover. Everything starts from him, the ultimate nature of reality, and existence. But it does non answer the relationship of God with reality or to for each one and everyone of us.Other Movers are overly recognized, and it confuses the proposal, Aristotle mentions the existence of a divine being, and too early(a) intelligent movers. It did not answer how they relate to each opposite. Just a mere mentioning of their existence, whitethorn not be enough. Somehow, there moldiness be a way in determining their existence and near especially to Man. It must be considered that the existence of Man has never reached a Harmonious level. But instead we are always in trouble, such as anger and hunger are everywhere. statute 31147726 staple Problems of philosophy summon 2Type of modulate query report card Deadline promenade 18, 2007 535 2. According to Socrates, the headway speaker in The Republic, an ideal pronounce would contain of three clas ses. The Philosopher-Kings would exercise political power in the service of fullice and wisdom the soldiers would protect the state as a means of acquiring accolade and the civilian population would provide for the material unavoidably of society. A large part of The Republic is use to a detailed presentation of the rigorous understanding training of future rulers.This section also contains a fundamental analysis of metaphysical and scientific thought. The regimen of the state acts to enforce the virtue, and consequently the true happiness, of the singular citizen, and an ordrerly and productive public life is the result. Criticizing the doctrines of atheism and materialism, Plato reaffirmed his rarefied position and asserted this belief in the deterrent framework presidency of the universe and the immortality of the soul. Source Republic (literature). Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA Microsoft Corporation, 2005.This is about problem number 2 and three. (3) Ethi cs, state such questions as How do we determine the primer coat for making moral judgments such as, this action was proper and that wrong? (4) Logic, answers questions as How should society be form? What should be the relationship mingled with the Government and the volume? This is almost what we have today, a democratic government. generally good, as long as the Philosopher-kings volition be righteous ( I think this is equivalent to our prexy and the congress now. ) Because they are in power, or the one who rule. But when they become cipher 31147726 Basic Problems of Philosophy Page 3 Type of order interrogation piece of music Deadline defect 18, 2007 535 cruel and corrupt, the government or the Republic will be in trouble. in all likelihood this is Platos greatest contri thation to mankind. This is an strike example of how society should be organized and managed. The relationship between the government and the people, may not be perfect but at least law and order is establish. Because a decent life is offered to ordinary phratry and they have a good chance of lend their talents for a better government and society.Ethics and Logic goes in concert, in such a way as how the government will deal with its people, there must be moral values and judgment such as to get the support, respect and most of all the aver of the people. That will be a healthy relationship. 3 Anselm pedant thought was less interested in discovering new facts and principles than in demonstrating the truth of existing beliefs. Its method was therefore dialectical (based upon logical argument), and its intense anguish with the logic of argument led to significant developments in logic as well as theology.The Scholastic philosopher Saint Anselm of Canterbury adopted Augustines office of the favourable relation between credit and reason and unite Platonism with Christian theology. Supporting the Platonic possible action of ideas, Anselm argued in favor of the dissolve ex istence of universals, or common properties of thingsthe properties Avicenna had called essences. He thus realised the position of logical realisman assertion that universals and early(a) ideas exist independently of our awareness of themon one of the most vigorously disputed issues of medieval philosophy. Source Carpenter, Andrew N.Western Philosophy. Code 31147726 Basic Problems of Philosophy Page 4 Type of order Research paper Deadline March 18, 2007 535 Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA Microsoft Corporation 2005 (2) Epistemology, answering such questions as what does it means to hump something? What is the difference between knowledge, belief, religious belief, unassailable certainty and so on? I believe in the separate existence of universals or common properties of things. an assertion that universals and other ideas exist independently of our awareness of them.It is my personal view that knowledge is other thing while corporate trust must be distinguishable . Since when talking about knowledge, it starts from the point and to be implemented physically, so its nature will be much(prenominal) materialistic. While trustingness is another thing in a sense that it may not be necessarily materialistic, example is in the belief of God, whom we cannot see nor touch but just the strong belief and faith goes along with it. For me, when considering overbearing certainly, it has something to do with our materialism and our materialistic society. Such as, when you plan a stone, it is certain that will go prat to the ground, at a certain distance.While faith is more of the attend, never physical. The relationship with belief is that it may not be necessarily logical or scientific but you still believe on it. Faith is beyond reason. 4. Aquinas The subject treated in Aristotles Metaphysics (substance, causality, the nature of being, and the existence of God pertinacious the content of metaphysical speculations for centuries. Among the medieva l Scholastic philosophers, metaphysics was cognize as the transphysical erudition on the assumption that, by means of it, the scholar Code 31147726 Basic Problems of Philosophy Page 5Type of order Research paper Deadline March 18, 2007 535 philosophically could make the pitch contour from the physical and theologians St. Thomas Aquinas declared that the scholarship of God, through a casual call for of exhaustible sensible beings, was the aim of metaphysics. With the rise of scientific study in the 16th century the reconciliation of science and faith in God became an increasingly important problem. Source Metaphysics Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA Microsoft Corporation, 2005 (2) Epistemology, answering such questions as what does it means to know something?What is the difference between knowledge, belief, faith, absolute certainty and so on? Though, I fall apartt consider this proposal as the comminuted points of Aquinas. Because when talking about God, Truly it i s not that faith but absolutely about the exact opposite of materialism. So, faith is not enough either, but you shall live with it. And that must be impossible in our materialistic society now. One example is, can you live without money? I stand that God and science are the exact opposite. My proposal is, why look for food when the almighty Being already provided us everything. And when you say, so mevery are sharp-set. blame Yourself, Man or Us. 5. Discartes The most celebrated exponent of dualism was the French philosopher Rene Descartes, who maintained that dust and mind are radically different entities and that they are scarcely fundamental substances in the universe. Dualism, however, does now show how there basic entities are connected. Source Metaphysics. Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA Microsoft Corporation, 2005. Code 31147726 Basic Problems of Philosophy Page 6Type of order Research paper Deadline March 18, 2007 535 (1) What is the ultimate nature of reali ty, existence, or being. (2) Epistemology, answering such questions as what does it mean to know something? What is the difference between knowledge, belief, faith absolute certainty and so on? some(prenominal) of these problems may not be the exact points of Dualism. Since the body, or the physical composition of man is like any material objects. While in the mind, where knowledge and faith resides, it is not material, I mean you cannot see or touch them. And I believe that is the True association.Descartes got it right, that body and mind are radically different entities. I believe that it is not only ideas or anything else which comes out of the mind, because it is a lot more. Such as no involvement how scientist work for years to twinned the human brain, I believe it is a visionary endeavor because success is impossible. Because God is deep at bottom us, and nobody could copy our Creator, the Omnipotent Being. You may make peeing duplicates, but it is only physically and never the inside, because the lawfulness is in thereand it is not made of anything material. 6. LucretiusHe is an exponent of real Materialism.There are other more recent schools of metaphysics, which also versions of materialism. Although classical materialism seems at times naive in its scientific outlook, it is not altogether out of date. Classical Materialism is the specimen variety of atomic materialism- the view that all that exist if composed of matter, matter is constituted by compounding or juxtapositions of ultimate particles, which are called atoms and are solid, indestructible, ever-lasting, and Code 31147726 Basic Problems of Philosophy Page 7Type of order Research paper Deadline March 18, 2007 535 undividable and-for Lucretius-all there is in the universe is just matter, and annul space or vacuity. (1) What is the ultimate nature of reality, existence, or being? If Lucretius call it as Classical Materialism, I believe that is the same thing with the nature of re ality, existence, or being. Since the Truth must be indestructible, ever-lasting and indivisible. But I wonder why he called it as Classical Materialism, since it might be the exact opposite of materialism. Because a wooden chair.Will have the atoms of a wood and no longer a chair, same thing also with a chair made of steel. And the human body after all is composed of its smallest parts the atoms of water? And who put them together to become what we are now, a human being. My answer is the Energy coming from a divine source, the Creator. Who knows absolutely and exactly who we are, male or female. Is it the same cipher that books this smallest particles together to form a certain entity, is the atoms we know today the smallest or is there something else much smaller than the atoms.Such that, it is not these atoms which matter but the energy that will combine or bind them together to create objects or materials. What is that energy all about. Where it came from, I believe it is an energy coming from an Omnipotent Being Lucretius only mentioned about the atoms, but matter cannot be formed with a single atom, it must be more than one and bound together at a certain energy. And what kind of energy is it, is it inherent between the atoms combining together. But I believe that energy comes from an Omnipotent Being and not from anything else.